How did segregation, political machines, trusts, and immigration Essay

How did isolation, political machines, trusts, and migration sway America from the finish of Reconstruction through the Prog - Essay Example Most of the Progressives bolstered the Prohibition development as it was seen equivalent to sabotaging the nearby boss’ political force in cantinas. (Timberlake, 1970) This time additionally harmonizes with the advancement of women’s testimonial so as to bring the â€Å"purer† female based vote into the political field. (Southern, 1968) The Progressive development is additionally better known for its accentuation on improving effectiveness in all parts. This change was realized in enormous part by recognizing more established work procedures which were in this way modernized by advancing logical strategies. The political change of the Progressive development was driven by a wide range of individuals. The parts of neighborhood government, medication, account, instruction, industry, places of worship, railways, protection and various different territories were changed. The Progressive development is especially prominent for acquainting the sociologies with the abso lutely logical technique and afterward creating them likewise. The fields of political theory, history and financial aspects can be viewed as significant promoters of the Progressive change developments.

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Bearer Intelligence Report Deutsche Post DHL March 2013 Table of substance Key money related figures Key partner figures Macro condition Market and purchasers 3 4 5 6 Corporate and media Governance and system Quarterly execution Corporate execution Business units 7 8 9 10 11 â€Å"Thanks to our essence in the world’s development showcases, the DHL divisions performed especially progressively in budgetary year 2012 and assumed a key job in expanding our solidified revenue† Dr.Frank Appel, CEO Operations Human assets Corporate duty Acquisitions and divestments Product dispatches 12 13 14 15 16 Key public statements Outlook and targets 17 19 Key monetary figures Express division supports income by 9. 5% in 2012 Income Statement Total income EBIT edge Net overall revenue Staff expenses to income proportion Balance Sheet Total non-current resources Total current resources Total quity Total non-current liabilities Total current liabilities Current proportion Return on capital utilized Gearing proportion Cash stream Net income from working exercises Net income from putting away exercises Net income from financing exercises Net increment/(decline) in real money and money counterparts Revenue by division Mail Parcels and Express Logistics and Freight EBIT by division Mail Parcels and Express Logistics and Freight 2010 53,605. 0 3. 4% 4. 9% 31. 0% 2011 54,879. 0 4. 4% 2. 3% 30. 5% 2012 57,680. 0 4. 6% 3. 1% 30. 8% Change 5. 1% 0. 2 0. 9 0. 3 LCU, m % LCU, m LCU, m LCU, m LCU, m LCU, m % 24,493. 13,270. 0 10,696. 0 13,844. 0 13,223. 0 1. 00 7. 5% 56. 4% 21,225. 0 17,183. 0 11,199. 0 8,587. 0 18,622. 0. 92 12. 3% 43. 4% 21,832. 0 12,289. 0 12,164. 0 9,332. 0 12,625. 0. 97 12. 4% 43. 4% 2. 9% - 28. 5% 8. 6% 8. 7% - 32. 2% 0. 05 †LCU, m LCU, m LCU, m LCU, m 1,927. 0 8. 0 (1,651. 0) 284. 0 2,371. 0 (1,129. 0) (1,547. 0) (305. 0) (203. 0) (1,697. 0) 1,199. 0 (701. 0) †LCU, m LCU, m LCU, m 13,822. 0 10,788. 0 26,707. 0 13,877. 0 11,309. 0 27,578. 0 13,87 4. 0 12,378. 0 29,209. 0. 0% 9. 5% 5. 9% IPC Statistical Database LCU, m LCU, m LCU, m 148,066. 0 88,384. 0 614. 0 147,434. 0 85,496. 0 802. 146,923. 0 84,623. 0 928. 0 †Source: Deutsche Post DHL yearly reports 2010-2012, IPC investigation Note: Change speaks to year-on-year advancement from 2011 3 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report †Deutsche Post DHL Key partner figures Share cost up by practically 40% more than 2012 Shares Share value, year-end Earnings per share Human assets Average full-time reciprocals Average low maintenance representatives Women in the board Absenteeism rate EOS reaction rate Total worker fulfillment Employee commitment Customer file Business consumer loyalty Consumer fulfillment Sustainability Total CO2 discharges LCU 010 12. 09 2. 10 2011 11. 88 0. 96 2012 16. 6 1. 37 Change 39. 7% †% 421,274 63,126 17. 0% 7. 4% 79. 0% 73. 0 67. 0 423,348 65,322 17. 6% 7. 4% 80. 0% 76. 0 n/a 428,287 62,523 18. 5% 7. 6% 80. 0% 76. 0 n/a 1. 2% - 4. 3% 0. 9 0. 2 0. 0. 0 n/a n/a n/a 95. 0 n/a 96. 0 1. 0 t 28,400,000 28,200,000 n/a Retail organize Wholly-possessed retail outlets Contracted retail outlets Delivery execution Domestic letter quality execution (D+1) Domestic letter quality USO necessity (D+1) Domestic bundle quality execution Domestic package expected business-day conveyance Domestic letter and package ratesStandard letter, 0-20g Standard letter, 20-50g Economy bundle, 2-3kg 2 19,998 2 19,998 n/a n/a % 95. 4% 80% n/a n/a 95. 4% 80% n/a n/a n/a 80% n/a n/a 0. 0 â‚ ¬ 0. 55 0. 90 6. 90 0. 55 0. 90 6. 90 0. 55 0. 90 6. 90 0. 0% 0. 0% 0. 0% Source: Deutsche Post DHL yearly reports 2010-2012, IPC examination Note: Change speaks to year-on-year advancement from 2011 4 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report †Deutsche Post DHL Germany: large scale condition Low joblessness and higher wages will lift economy in 2013 Economics †¢ % 4% 2% 0% - 2% - 4% - 6% 07 08 09 10 11 Inflation 12 13 14 15 16 17 Trade Exports: â‚ ¬1,034,140. 5m (? 8. 0%) 1. France 9. 6% 2. US 6. 9% 3. Netherlands 6. 4% 4. China 6. 1% 5. Joined Kingdom 6. 0% Machinery and transport gear, synthetics and food, drink and tobacco Demographics †¢ 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Unemployment rate GDP, steady costs: â‚ ¬2,436,330m GDP, current costs: â‚ ¬2,570,080m GDP per capita: â‚ ¬29,729. 4 (? 3%) GDP per capita (PPP-balanced): â‚ ¬25,756. 3 (? 0. %) GDP identified with agribusiness: 1% GDP identified with industry: 26% (? 4 rate focuses) GDP identified with administration: 73% (? 4 rate focuses) 348,672 km2 81,770,000 occupants (? 0. 2%) 234. 5 occupants for every km2 Median age: 44. 9 years (second) Corruption discernment: 8. 0 (? 0. 1) 39. 9m family units Broadband supporters: 31. 6% Urban populace: 73. 8% Employed populace: 50. 2% Imports: â‚ ¬880,951. 0m (? 9. 7%) 1. Netherlands 12. 9% 2. France 7. 6% 3. China 7. 1% 4. Belgium 6. 2% 5. Italy 5. 4% Machinery and transport gear, synthetic compounds and m ineral energizes and ointments Real GDP growthEconomic viewpoint The German economy is relied upon to recuperate from a frail end to 2012 with development from the primary quarter of 2013. With sends out anticipated to recuperate and retail deals encountering an invite recuperation, assessed GDP development ranges from 0. 6 to 1. 3% in 2013 (2014: 1. 5 to 2. 4%). Joblessness is presently at its most minimal for two decades, with business confronting a lack of talented work. Boosts in compensation of up to 6. 5% granted in 2012 should reinforce buyer slant through to 2014. The solid viewpoint is relied upon to create improved open funds, turning the government spending shortage to surplus in 2013.Source: The business analyst †Pocket World in Figures 2012 Edition, IMF, Bloomberg, ITC Trade Map, CIA World Factbook, ITU, Transparency International, IPC examination Note: Brackets speak to year-on-year advancement from 2010 or world positioning 5 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report †Deutsche Post DHL Germany: advertise and shoppers Increasing number of buyers buying on the web Logistics showcase (bn T-km) Inland conduits 550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Financial administrations showcase (â‚ ¬bn) Road 9,000 - 8% 8,000 7,000 6,000 - 9% 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 Assets, all banks +11% Commentary Rail 2007 2008 2009 2010 2007 2008 009 2010 2011 According to the most recent accessible figures, while German street cargo developed by just 1. 8% in 2010 to 313bn Tonnekilometres (T-km), rail and conduits each extended by around 12% to 107 and 62bn T-km individually. Bank-claimed resources expanded by 11% over the fiveyear period to â‚ ¬8. 46tn. Family unit utilization developed by 1. 5% in 2011 subsequent to remedying for swelling, fuelling a German retail showcase which has stayed consistent in spite of the emergency in the Eurozone. The extent of reviewed shoppers buying on the web developed by 6 rate focuses (p. p. ) in 2011 to 54%, and norm al development since 2002 has been over 4 p. . Broadband infiltration is by all accounts arriving at a level, with an expansion of a large portion of a p. p. in 2011. Utilization use Private last utilization consumption, development 2. 0% Online buying propensities Last online buy over the most recent 3 months Last online buy over a year back/never requested 100% Digitisation Internet clients Broadband supporters 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% half 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 1. 5% 90% 80% 70% 60% half 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 1. 0% 0. 5% 0. 0% - 0. 5% 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Source: Eurostat, ITU, OECD, IPC examination Note: T-km=Tonne-kilometers, speaking to the vehicle of one ton of products (counting bundling and weight of transport units) over a separation of one kilometer. p. p. = rate focuses 6 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report †Deutsche Post DHL Germany: corporates and media Newspaper promotion sho wcase keeps on declining however stays biggest medium Forbes Global 2000 Media spend (â‚ ¬m) - 4% Top 10 publicists 1. Procter and Gamble Media-Saturn-Holding Ferrero Aldi Unilever L'Oreal Axel Springer Lidl Edeka 2010 2011 2012 +5% +27% 0% 2. 3. 4. 5,943 5,839 5,715 3,885 3,954 4,071 4,160Top 5 by income 17 Volkswagen Group (Auto and Truck Manufacturers) 409 E. ON (Electric Utilities) 37 Daimler (Auto and Truck Manufacturers) 50 Allianz (Diversified Insurance) 50 Siemens (Conglomerates) 3,465 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 3,488 3,461 Top 5 by benefits 17 Volkswagen Group (Auto and Truck Manufacturers) 50 Siemens (Conglomerates) 74 BASF (Diversified Chemicals) 37 Daimler (Auto and Truck Manufacturers) 61 BMW Group (Auto and Truck Manufacturers) Top 5 by showcase esteem 50 Siemens (Conglomerates) 227 SAP (Software and Programming) 74 BASF (Diversified Chemicals) 17 Volkswagen Group (Auto and Truck Manufacturers) 37 Daimler (Auto and Truck Manufacturers) 4% +10% 692 706 719 +8% 766 797 827 3,067 3,473 75 79 Cinema 82 10. Volkswagen Group Magazines Internet TV Newspapers Radio Outdoor Media survey and standpoint All advanced media will pick up share as they become increasingly more significant for sponsors. The development in the cell phone showcase and the usage of full-video advertisements in sites will prompt expanded financial plans. Magazines and papers specifically will have an alternate situation later on as a great deal of data and diversion is furnished by web sites.Along with computerized media, film, open air and TV assisted with driving German promotion advertise in 2012. Source: www. forbes. com/global2000, ZenithOptimedia Western Europe Market and Mediafact 2011, ZenithOptimedia Advertising Expenditure Forecasts December 2011, IPC examination Note: Forbes Global 2000; numbers under top 5 speak to worldwide positioning 7 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report †Deutsche Post DHL Governance and technique â€Å"The supplier, venture and manager of decision in its ma rket† www. dp-dhl. com Chairman of the Board Prof. Dr.Wulf von Schimmelmann Chairman 2009B

How Carbon Fiber Tubes Are Made

How Carbon Fiber Tubes Are Made Carbon fiber tubes are perfect for both the specialist and industry proficient. Utilizing the inflexibility of the carbon filaments, a very firm yet lightweight cylindrical structure can be utilized in a wide scope of utilizations. Carbon fiber cylinders can supplant steel, yet as a general rule, it is supplanting aluminum. In numerous occasions, a carbon fiber cylinder can gauge 1/third of an aluminum cylinder and still have the equivalent or better quality attributes. Along these lines, carbon fiber fortified cylinders are regularly found in applications lightweight is essential, similar to aviation, race vehicles, and recreational games. The most well-known carbon fiber rounded profile shapes are squares, square shapes, and roundabout. The rectangular and square profiles are normally alluded to as a crate bar. Carbon fiber box shafts give great unbending nature to a structure and reproduce two equal I-pillars. Carbon Fiber Tube Applications Any application where weight is significant, changing to carbon fiber will be valuable. Coming up next are probably the most widely recognized employments of carbon fiber tubes: Aviation bars and sparsFormula 1 auxiliary componentsArrow shaftsBicycle tubesKayak paddles Assembling Carbon Fiber Tubes Empty composite structures can be hard to make. This is on the grounds that constrain should be applied to both in inside and the outer side of the cover. As a general rule, carbon fiber tubes with a constant profile are made by either pultrusion or fiber winding. Pultruded tubes are by a long shot the most savvy technique for assembling nonstop composite profiles. While pultruding an empty cylinder, a coasting mandrel is required. A chrome plated steel pole is solidly fastened set up on the bite the dust where the crude material enters. The mounting equipment is far enough away that doesn't meddle with the impregnated fiber as it enters the bite the dust. The space between the mandrel and the pass on will decide the divider thickness of the carbon fiber tube. Pultruding carbon fiber tubes consider the creation of tubing of practically any length. Transportation of the cylinder is commonly the limitation on length. In pultrusion, the majority of the fiber will run the bearing of the cylinder. This makes a cylinder with an enormous about of solidness, yet very little loop quality, or cross-directional quality. Fiber Wound Carbon Fiber Tubes For expanded quality and properties every which way, fiber winding is a compelling technique in assembling carbon fiber tubes. Fiber wound cylinders are practical and have superb properties, notwithstanding, the biggest impediment depends on the length of the winding machine. Other Manufacturing Processes Pultrusion and fiber winding, in spite of the fact that the most well-known, isn't the best way to make carbon fiber tubes. Bladder shaping, pressure forming, vacuum implantation, and autoclave handling are on the whole techniques to make carbon fiber tubes. Every ha its own favorable position and burden also.

Kate Chopins Controversial Views Essays - Frdric Chopin,

Kate Chopin's Controversial Views Too solid a beverage for moral infants, and ought to be named 'poison'. was the how the Republic portrayed Kate Chopin's most popular novel The Awakening (Seyersted 174). This was the not just the perspective on one magazine, yet it summed up the sentiments of society in general. Chopin woke up individuals to the emotions and psyches of ladies. Despite the fact that her thoughts were questionable at initially, gradually throughout the decades individuals started to acknowledge them. Kate O'Flaherty Chopin was brought up in St. Louis in the 1850's and 1860's. Chopin had a cozy relationship with her French grandma which lead to her energy about French essayists. At the point when she was just five Chopin's dad, Thomas O'Flaherty kicked the bucket leaving her without a dad figure. Eliza O'Flaherty, Chopin's mother, was from that point on the leader of the family unit. Chopin developed up realizing that ladies could be solid and canny and that they didn't need to be agreeable animals (Skaggs 2). She adored her mom and considered her A lady of extraordinary excellence, knowledge, and individual attraction (Seyersted 14). Growing up around free ladies, notwithstanding, didn't discourage her from marriage. Her union with Oscar Chopin apparently was a upbeat one. Assuming the job of a high society woman just as spouse and new mother, Chopin fit in well with the New Orleans culture. She delighted in the Louisiana environment so well that a large portion of her works were based here. Chopin kept living in Louisiana bringing up her six small kids until the abrupt demise of her significant other took her back to St., Louis (Skaggs 3). Oscar Chopin passed on while their most youthful youngster, Lelia was as it were three. Not long after Chopin moved her family to St. Louis to be with her withering mother. In the pain of her misfortunes Chopin needed to rediscover what her identity was. This test turned out in her composition of courageous women looking for self-comprehension (Skaggs 3). No more Eliza O'Flaherty's girl or Oscar Chopin's better half, Kate Chopin had to locate another job for herself. Her new job would be a essayist. A couple of key figures throughout her life affected Chopin to compose. Specialist Frederick Kolbemheyer was a long lasting companion on whose help she continuously depended. Brought up in Austria and afterward ousted for his convictions, Kolbemheyer was a scholar and urged Chopin to peruse Darwin, Haxley, and Spencer. Their convictions were fundamentally the same as and he probably bolstered her when she impugned the Catholic religion after her mom's demise. The darling companions wrote to each other frequently while Chopin was in Louisiana. Seeing the ability in her composition, Kolbemheyer urged Chopin to distribute her letters. She appreciated him significantly and even named her child Frederick after him. (Taylor 147). There were three American ladies scholars of the time that Chopin appreciated. When asked who might be a decent model lady author she reacted, I am aware of nobody better than Miss Jewett to read for procedure and amenity of development. I don't specify Mary E. Wilkins for she is an extraordinary virtuoso and virtuoso isn't to be examined. (Taylor 163). Wilkins' book Pembroke was denounced by society and Chopin more likely than not been thoughtful when five years later her own book The Awakening was likewise denounced. Chopin too admired Ruth McEnery Stuart and adulated her work as being Consistent with nature, and having a healthy human note (Taylor 163). It is remarkable that later Chopin's ability and style were to be contrasted with crafted by these ladies whom she appreciated. The best impact on Chopin was the French essayist Guy de Maupassant. Chopin depicts Maupassant by expressing, Here was a man who got away from convention and authority ... watched out upon life through his own being with his own eyes; and who, in a direct also, straightforward was, told up what he saw. (Taylor 159). Chopin deciphered eight of his works and through him built up her style of composing. She shared his idea of a legend : A detached world-tired and cynical saint who delights in his own erotic nature; who confides in nature and questions human connections, particularly love; who encounters a feeling of freedom through singular strolls and confidences in his composing... furthermore, who is firmly attracted to death as an answer for the redundant pointlessness of life's delights. (Taylor 160) This was the fundamental layout for the plot of The Awakening . The book begins with Edna, a New Orleans high society spouse and mother who was hopeless with her life. While spending the mid year in Terrific Isle, Edna meets Mademoiselle Reiz whose music is the main thing in which Edna discovers joy.

Technology In Agriculture, And Its Application To Essay Example For Students

Innovation In Agriculture, And Its Application To Essay The Grapes Of Wrath Innovation In Agriculture, And Its Application To Essay The Grapes of Wrath In spite of the fact that innovation has gotten a standard in todays society, it was a significant reason for the Great Depression. Prior to the coming of the tractor, may individuals made their living as ranchers. As found in The Grapes of Wrath, huge numbers of these individuals lost their occupations and their homesteads because of industrialization of cultivating. A tractor accomplished crafted by fifteen cultivating families, so an ever increasing number of families were made bankrupt by the proprietors of these tractors. John Steinbeck lived with vagrant laborers, for example, the Joad family before he composed The Grapes of Wrath. His fictionalization of a family constrained out of the residue bowl precisely shows the impacts of innovation on the cultivating family. They were constrained out of their home to clear a path for a huge organization, as was every other person in the territory. They got expression of work in California, so they got together the family into a major truck and traveled West. The vast majority of the work was at that point taken, and the interest for employments was high to the point that it drove the pay down. The Joads needed to continue moving. Enormous business has consistently been the destruction of the privately-run company. During the 1930s, the tractor permitted littler gatherings to create more noteworthy measures of item, and this overproduction prompted value variance over that period. On account of wheat, the size of bushels shrank and the cost of a bushel developed. The littler makers who couldn't affort to industrialize needed to adapt to these lower costs, which drove them bankrupt. A similar standard is in actuality in present time; its practically much the same as natural selection. The ones who can adjust to the changing occasions will endure. History .

Whats in an AP Biology Syllabus Guide and Examples

What's in an AP Biology Syllabus Guide and Examples SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips An incredible schedule is the foundation of any AP course, however it tends to be trying to make one that fits all the prerequisites and is simple for understudies to follow. In this article, I'll give you the fixings you requirement for a strong AP Biology prospectus, including all the ideas and curricular necessities of the course. I'll additionally give an example schedule so you can get a thought of what a prospectus for this class may resemble (in case you're an understudy) or how you may structure your variant of AP Biology (in case you're an educator). At long last, the finish of this article is dedicated to a couple of brisk tips for instructors and understudies on the best way to effectively educate and get familiar with the material. What Does the AP Biology Course Cover? The educational program system of AP Biology was redone in 2012 and is presently sorted out around four Big Ideas, which are all-encompassing topics that associate the ideas you’ll learn in the course. Inside each Big Idea are a few â€Å"Enduring Understandings† that understudies are relied upon to create by taking the course.These are marginally smaller subjects thatcan be separated significantly further into littler parts that are lined up with explicit realities about natural capacities. I’ll list the Big Ideas and their relating Enduring Understandings in this article, alongside the labs that fall under each category.I won’t go into the littler ideas inside the Enduring Understandings with the goal that this guide doesn’t get too long to even consider digesting. On the off chance that you’re keen on a nitty gritty once-over of the more moment ideas associated with AP Biology,check out this page. As understudies investigate the Big Ideas, they are likewise expected to become familiar with a few key logical practices, and the classwork must cover certain curricular requirements.After I experience the Big Ideas, I’ll list the logical practices understudies ought to create and the curricular necessities that any AP Biology prospectus is relied upon to satisfy. Think about each Big Idea as a giraffe. Why? Since it's good times. Live a bit. (Truly, I know there are just three giraffes - Big Idea 4 is camera bashful.) The Four Big Ideas of AP Biology Enormous Idea #1: The procedure of development drives the assorted variety and solidarity of life. Suffering Understanding 1.1: Change in the hereditary cosmetics of a populace after some time is development. EU 1.2: Organisms are connected by lines of plunge from basic heritage. EU 1.3: Life keeps on developing inside an evolving situation. EU 1.4: The source of living frameworks is clarified by normal procedures. Labs for Big Idea 1: Counterfeit determination Scientific displaying (Hardy-Weinberg) Contrasting DNA Sequences with Understand Evolutionary Relationships Enormous Idea #2: Biological frameworks use free vitality and sub-atomic structure squares to develop, to duplicate and to keep up powerful homeostasis. EU 2.1: Growth, multiplication and upkeep of living frameworks require free vitality and matter. EU 2.2: Growth, generation and dynamic homeostasis necessitate that cells keep up inner situations that are not quite the same as their outer surroundings. EU 2.3: Organisms use input systems to manage development and multiplication, and to keep up unique homeostasis. EU 2.4: Growth and dynamic homeostasis of a natural framework are impacted by changes in the system’s condition. EU 2.5: Many natural procedures engaged with development, propagation and dynamic homeostasis incorporate transient guideline and coordination. Labs for Big Idea 2: Dispersion and Osmosis Photosynthesis Cell Respiration Enormous Idea #3: Living frameworks store, get, transmit and react to data basic to life forms EU 3.1: Heritable data accommodates the coherence of life. EU 3.2: Expression of hereditary data includes cell and atomic systems. EU 3.3: The preparing of hereditary data is flawed and is a wellspring of hereditary variety. EU 3.4: Cells impart by producing, transmitting and getting compound signs. EU 3.5: Transmission of data brings about changes inside and between natural frameworks. Labs for Big Idea 3: Cell Division: Mitosis and Meiosis Biotechnology: Bacterial Transformation Biotechnology: Restriction Enzyme Analysis of DNA Large Idea #4: Biological frameworks cooperate, and these frameworks and their communications have complex properties EU 4.1: Interactions inside organic frameworks lead to complex properties. EU 4.2: Competition and collaboration are significant parts of organic frameworks. EU 4.3: Naturally happening assorted variety among and between segments inside organic frameworks influences communications with the earth. Labs for Big Idea 4: Vitality Dynamics Transpiration Natural product Fly Behavior Chemical Activity Collaboration is continually occurring in organic frameworks! This is an estimate of what within a cell resembles at some random time. The Seven Scientific Practices of AP Biology #1:The understudy can utilize portrayals and models to impart logical wonders and take care of logical issues. #2: The understudy can utilize science properly. #3:The understudy can take part in logical addressing to stretch out speculation or to direct examinations inside the setting of the AP course. #4: The understudy can plan and execute information assortment systems comparable to a specific logical inquiry. (Note: Data can be gathered from a wide range of sources, e.g., examinations, logical perceptions, the discoveries of others, memorable remaking and additionally documented information.) #5: The understudy can perform information investigation and assessment of proof. #6: The understudy can work with logical clarifications and hypotheses. #7: The understudy can interface and relate information across different scales, ideas and portrayals in and across spaces. The Curricular Requirements of AP Biology Here's a rundown of the necessities that an AP Biology course should satisfy to be viewed as a suitable and exhaustive overview of the material: The course should utilize a school level science reading material distributed inside the most recent ten years. Understudies must associate the Enduring Understandings of each Big Idea to in any event one other Big Idea (for instance, interface the developmental ideas in Big Idea 1 to the thought introduced under Big Idea 3 that hereditary data is once in a while prepared defectively, and this prompts variety). Understudies ought to be doled out ventures and exercises outside of labs to meet the learning targets for each Big Idea (for instance, understudies may do a movement where they make a model of the cell cycle and give an oral introduction on its most significant viewpoints). The course should offer understudies the chance to interface natural information to significant social issues and recent developments (for instance, a task examining undifferentiated cells and their capability to affect the clinical field). Labs must offer understudies the chance to apply the seven science rehearses I recorded before, and the course needs to experience in any event two labs that compare with each Big Idea. Labs must make up at any rate 25% of class time. Understudies ought to be approached to show verbal, composed, and visual relational abilities with lab reports, outlines of logical writing or proof, and oral introductions. I was going to poke a fun at educators burning through class time by attempting to get the projector to work for introductions, however then I understood that I don't have the foggiest idea whether they use projectors any longer. I'm certain there's some other basic bit of study hall innovation that never works at this point. What Does an AP Biology Syllabus Resemble? The College Board has discharged some example prospectuses to help direct instructors in their guidance of the new organization of the AP Biology course.The model that I’m taking a gander at partitions the class into nine unique units of changing length. The assets for the course include: Reece, Jane, et al., Campbell Biology, ninth Edition, 2011, Pearson Benjamin Cummings www.campbellbiology.com (The primary text’s going with site that gives activitys, examinations, PowerPoint and other various media assets) Giffen, Cynthia and Heitz, Jean. Rehearsing Biology (to go with Campbell-Reece Biology), third Edition, 2008, Pearson Benjamin Cummings AP Biology Investigative Labs: an Inquiry Based Approach I’ll give an outline of the points talked about in every unit and the undertakings and labs understudies may finish all through the year.I’ll additionally give the rough length of each unit.In this case, the class met four times each week for two 80-minute terms and two 50-minute durations (4 hours and 20 minutes seven days all out). Test AP Biology Syllabus Unit 1: First Week and Introduction (4 classes) Course reading Chapters: Presentation: Themes in the Study of Life The Chemical Context of Life Water and the Fitness of the Environment Talk and Discussion Topics: Darwin and the hypothesis of characteristic determination Request as an approach to learn science Structure of molecules Developing properties of water Activities: Make development paper models of particles and atoms to represent concoction ideas. Direct an open request on an organic subject of decision; detail an inquiry, plan an examination, and present the discoveries. Unit 2: Biochemistry and Introduction to the Cell (11 classes) Course reading Chapters: 4. Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life 5. The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules 6. A Tour of the Cell 7. Layer Structure and Function Talk and Discussion Topics: The effect of carbon as the â€Å"backbone of life† How monomers construct polymers, including the jobs of nucleic acids Instances of organelles that are will undoubtedly compartmentalize their capacities Layer structure and capacity Ventures and Labs: Assemble a 3D cell film

Prohibition of Alcohol - Free Essay Example

Islam resolved the problem of alcohol and toxic in a very good manner. Information about alcohol prevention in Islam is to be obtained only by the word of Allah in the Quran (Holy Book) and in the Hadith by the Messenger of Allah (SWT). Describe Alcohol and its effects in the Quran many times. Alcohol affects the brain and works unjustly and acts badly. It creates hatred between people, stops them from remembering God and pushes them to participate in illegal and indulge them in sexual activities. Alcohol makes a person bad, hatred and shameful. It leads to revealing secrets and exposure to mistakes. Before Islam, Arabs lived harsh lives and realized that wine was an essential way to deal with their problems. Among all the troubles that the Muslim people had before in Islam were: competition, insecurity, child abuse, abortion of girl child, treated women as slaves, children were deprived of love and all these factors forced people to drink. Furthermore, prohibition of alcohol in Islam, because, Muslim has to pray five times in a day and has to remember God each and every time. Alcohol day by day stopping people to visit the Mosque and insist them not to follow Allahs rules and regulations. In Holly book mention several times, the person who drinks alcohol cannot pray for a month and he or she cannot touch the Quran or any other thing that has relation to Allah. For Muslims, when something is forbidden, it means that thing is harmful to everyones health and dangerous for the community. Muslims should not encourage others to ingest any forbidden (haram) thing. Unless dealing with the alcohol trade is including in haram category. The Prophet Muhammad forbid all the works related to the alcohol industry, in which alcohol drink, serve and sell is strictly prevent the expansion of damage due to alcohol. When the Islam first introduced in Saudi Arabia the first thing the Islam did was to stop people drink alcohol. In this case , Allah (SWT) sent his many Prophets to guide Muslims and tell them the disadvantages and showed them the reality of Alcohol. According to the Islamic medical research, the effects of alcohol are a lot, the nervous system is the first part of the body that is seriously harm drinking alcohol. Heavy drinks can cause nerve damage, in which a person feels anxiety, depression, frustration, unhappiness, muscle weaknesses, body allergies, and physical disabilities and so on. After, the nervous system alcohol directly damages the liver and increase the death rate. For all these reasons, Allah (SWT) prohibited alcohol and addressed all the human beings doesnt matter who they are and which religion they belong from should not use Alcohol because its not only damaging our health its also destroying our calm houses and beautiful lives. In last, The Prohibition of alcohol in Islam to prevent all Muslims and pushing them towards the religion. Quran (holy book) is the best way to spread something among the Muslims. Prophets showed them the reality of alcohol. Banned on alcohol was and now Because Muslim has to pray five times in a day and has to remember Allah and his guidelines. Many research foundations explained the disadvantages of Alcohol briefly like damage our nervous system and also effect on our liver. According to Allah (SWT), Alcohol is not only damaging our health it is the poisonous insect that slowly destroys our houses and lives.

Sony vs Toshiba - Free Essay Example

Closing Case Chapter 7 1. Why did both Sony and Toshiba perceive it to be so important to get an early lead in sales? Based on past format wars, the trend had been â€Å"winner takes all. † With that in mind, Sony and Toshiba attempted to get as many early adopters as possible and secure early sales so that more people would recognize and buy their particular format over the other in the future. Whichever company achieved the quickest jump start would see an accelerated demand for its format and hopefully lockout its competition, even though that did not end up being the case for the Sony and Toshiba format wars. 2. What strategies and assets enabled Sony to win the format war? Sony successfully executed many of the strategies that are needed to win the format war. They beat Toshiba to owning Columbia Pictures, MGM, Disney and Fox Studios, while Toshiba only ended up with Universal Studios committed to HD DVD. Sony continued to implement strategies that would help them s ustain the competitive advantage over Sony. They then introduced Blu-Ray to its gaming consoles and laptops. To further increase the supply of Blu-Rays, Sony licensed the format to other consumer electronics firms. By licensing their product to others, it made the Blu-Ray player more available to customers, thus causing companies to make more products in their format. 3. What might Toshiba have done that might have led to a different outcome? If Toshiba would have been more proactive in attempts to line up film studios to commit to issuing discs for HD DVD and licensed their format at to other electronics firms, they could have seen just as much success as Sony. They limited the sales of the format by preventing it from being easily accessible to customers. Or Toshiba could have done extensive RD to come out with a gaming console, or other type of electronic device that could be compatible with the HD DVD graphics instead of battling Sony directly in acquiring studio films. . The companies that developed first generation DVD technology decided not to compete on technology, instead harmonizing their technology under the auspices of the DVD Forum. Why do you think they chose a different approach this time around? By allowing the DVD Forum to do the actual leg work of developing the technology of the companies’ product it may mean better quality and less chance of technology defect/failure, but it also means payments of royalties. These royalties to the DVD Forum in turn, lower profit margin. By choosing the approach of keeping the creation of the Blu-ray and HD DVD player internal, each company can reap 100% of the revenue. Also, the shift from VHS to DVD was a technological paradigm shift, whereas the shift from DVD to ultimately an improved DVD player is only a technological improvement. There is much more risk involved in a paradigm shift, because little is known about the new technology trying to be implemented and there is no past history or pa st knowledge to rely on. However, this time around each company probably felt much more confident in the amount of knowledge they had in the DVD technology field, so decided to save the money that would paid to the DVD forum and create the technology themselves. 5. What are the risks associated with fighting a format war like this? The risks of fighting a format war are that there is little to no compromising with the competitor. It is very difficult for both competitors to win. Fighting a format war also entails making very risky decisions, and beating the competitor to it. One missed opportunity could ultimately be the downfall of your product.

QNT561 Sampling and Data Collection Pla Essay - 957 Words

Sampling and Data Collection Plan Name QNT/561 October 27, 2014 Instructor Introduction Royal Blue Airlines is a medium sized airline company offering flights throughout the United States, Mexico, Caribbean Islands, and Latin America. The company operates a fleet of Boeing 737 aircrafts and is in the process of replacing older ones with newer, state-of-the-art planes. These new planes are very expensive, so management wants to maximize passenger count. A study has been authorized to determine: Is there is a difference in the number of passengers taking flights (DV) that are based upon certain days of the week (IV)? Population and Size The population for this study consists of airline passengers that numbers in the†¦show more content†¦Another randomly selected number from 1 to 25 is chosen to be the interval value n. Each sample contains the first member and each subsequent nth survey until the sample size is reached. This method is simple; each survey response is given an equal probability of being selected, and the whole population of surveys will be evenly sampled. Sample Size Calculation The sample size is a simple calculation using stated parameters such as confidence level or Z-Score, margin of error, and standard deviation. For this research study, the confidence level is 95%, and the margin of error is 5%, therefore, each sample size is determined to be 289 responses. The calculation is in Appendix B. Validity and Reliability Validity in research â€Å"establishes whether the results obtained meet the requirements of the scientific research method† (Shuttleworth, 2014). This research has validity because the surveys are not mandatory, and selection of each sample is through random selection using systemic sampling. Reliability in research means any significant results are inherently repeatable (Shuttleworth, 2014). Additionally, other researchers must be able to perform the same experiment under similar condition and achieve the same results. This research method is simple and given a random number generator; it is easily repeatable. Data Collection The number of surveys for each flight will match the

Walmart Profile Essay - 734 Words

Organizational Profile: Wal-Mart Wal-Mart is the largest retailer in the world. The position Wal-Mart holds gives the company a large responsibility to contribute to the community that supports the stores. As an organization Wal-Mart owes its success to the stake holders of their business. Wal-Mart requires the community to continue business operations, Trevino and Nelson state that â€Å"a major stakeholder in business must be the communities of which corporations and other organizations are a part† (2011). Wal-Mart must consider the community happiness with their business decisions to remain profitable. Wal-Mart gives back to the community in several ways including donations to charitable foundations and by offering affordable grocery good†¦show more content†¦They also decreased the prices of healthy foods to encourage customer to purchase them. Wal-Mart also developed a seal to place on healthier foods with nutrition information rating the levels of sodium, fat, and sugar content (â€Å"Paymar Communications†, 2010). The leading factor in Wal-Mart taking this initiative was to reach customers with an interest in a healthy lifestyle. With obesity on the rise across the nation people are becoming more conscious about what they eat and offering healthier foods, organic products, and enhanced labels on the foods will give the customer more options to choose from within the store. By reducing the prices of these healthy products Wal-Mart can increase their customer base, specifically those with an interest in a pursuing a healthy life style. Additionally this will ensur e Wal-Mart is leading their competition and could be the benchmark for such companies as Target, K-Mart, Sears, and Costco. The factors influencing the organizations strategies are contingent on the need, not only of the customers, but also Wal-Mart’s increase in sales and profitability. Wal-Mart wants to ensure they not only have healthy customers but also that the organization will garner major gains in sales from these changes. The â€Å"Paymar Communications† (2010) website also states that through forging these initiatives, Wal-Mart has figured out a formula to be a good corporate citizen, give consumers superior bargains and still make tons of money; $14.3 billion inShow MoreRelatedWalmart : Company Profile Case Study2534 Words   |  11 PagesWalmart: Company Profile This report looks, in detail at Walmart. A retail powerhouse which has been at the top of its game since not long after it was founded in 1962 (Jacques, 2002). The discount grocery retailer has evolved into what it is today by making careful and meticulous decisions to ensure it is highly profitable as well as affordable for all consumers. 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THe company has been accused of paying wages so low that workers cannot live off them, making employees work ‘off the clock’ without overtime pay, paying few and low benefits, and taking advantage of illegal immigrants†Read MoreWalmart s Vision : Wal Mart Essay922 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis) Financial Analysis In Table 1 lists the key financial benchmarks for Walmart and its top three rivals as of the 2014 Annual Financial Statements. (cite stock analysis) Walmart leads the pack in three out of the six ratios. The company’s strength is maintaining the best Net Profit margin by leveraging the lowest price/cost strategy Sam Walton authored when he first opened his retail stores. Target bests Walmart in gross profit and operating margins. Target â€Å"shifted its focus to signatureRead MoreWalmart : Company Background Of Walmart1596 Words   |  7 PagesCompany Background Walmart was founded by Sam Walton and opened July 2,1962 in Rogers Arkansas. 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Shakespeares Hamlet - Observations of Madness Essay

Hamlet: Observations of Madness One of the most analyzed plays in existence is the tragedy Hamlet, with its recurring question: Is Hamlet’s antic disposition feigned or real? In truth, this question can only be answered by observing the thoughts of the main characters in relation to the cause of Hamlet real or feigned madness. In the tragedy Hamlet, each of the main characters explains Hamlets madness in their own unique way. To discover the cause behind the madness of Hamlet, each character used their own ambitions, emotions and interpretations of past events. Characters tried to explain Hamlets antic disposition by means of association to thwarted ambition, heartbreaking anguish, and denied love. In the†¦show more content†¦Continuing on, Rosencrantz: Why then, your ambition makes it one; tis too narrow for your mind. Hamlet: O God, I could be bounded in a nut shell and count myself a king of infinite space, were it not that I have bad dreams. Guildenstern: Which dreams indeed are ambition, for the very substance of the ambitious is merely the shadow of a dream. Hamlet: A dream itself is but a shadow. Rosencrantz: Truly, and I hold ambition of so airy and light a quality that it is but a shadows shadow. (Act II scene II) From the start of the discussion, Rosencrantz believes that it is Hamlet’s denied ambitions that creates Hamlet’s negative view of everything around him, including his soon to be kingdom, Denmark. Guildenstern soon jumps onto this bandwagon, and joins Rosencrantz in explaining to Hamlet that it is denied ambition that is the cause of all his troubles. For their efforts, Hamlet latter uses the same â€Å"cause† to dismiss Rosencrantz’s questions: Rosencrantz: Good my lord, what is your cause of distemper? You do, surely, bar the door upon your own liberty, if you deny your griefs to your friend. Hamlet: Sir, I lack advancement. 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Despite superficially different settings and plots, there is a remarkably similar thematic element shared between both works. Prince Hamlet and Marlowe are brought to the very brink of insanity by their immersion in worlds gone mad, yet still succeed. At their roots, theRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare Essay1636 Words   |  7 PagesMr. Levine English 101 Research Paper Hamlet Hamlet is categorized as one of the greatest plays ever written. In the play the main character Prince Hamlet has a very complicated character. As the play goes along Hamlet displays a wide range of emotions through his actions and his words. With doing this, it creates controversy amongst the critics and readers of the play. They find it difficult to come to a conclusion of whether Hamlet s â€Å"madness† is sincere or if he is simply a fakeRead More Foils as Reflections of Hamlet Essay1042 Words   |  5 Pagesperception of the main characters. 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The Textbook Definition Of Education - 862 Words

Defining Education The textbook definition of education is â€Å"the act or process of imparting or acquiring general knowledge†(Dictionary.com). While everyone has their own personal definition and view on what receiving an education means, some people are more cynical than others and that could be due to the kind of training they received or didn’t. Two famous figures see education in a positive light due to the injustice they felt when they received an education, but really could not use it due to their circumstances. Mary Wollstonecraft is a famous author that went to write one of the most well known novels, but she lived in the time that women could get an education but could not use it like men.Wollstonecraft spoke her mind and had a very strong opinion on how education should benefit both genders. Frederick Douglass was the son of a slave and actually was a slave for part of his life, he just had luck on his side and got to get some education and he preached on how important it was to society but also how it made him open his eyes to the horrors his race faced. These two people have positive views on education, even though for Douglass it came at a later time. Both of their opinions are recorded in the book Reading The World: Ideas That Matter. Mary Wollstonecraft wrote a piece â€Å"On National Education† that was published in Reading The World: Ideas That Matter, and the main points of this was that she believed that both genders should be equal in every aspectShow MoreRelatedA Comparative Study of â€Å"The History Boys,† and â€Å"3 Idiots† Essays1396 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Education must be change: A Comparative Study of â€Å"The History Boys,† and â€Å"3 Idiots† The education system has influenced our attitude in the reality life. 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Propaganda And Propaganda1094 Words   |  5 PagesEducation vs. Propaganda Education is defined by the Oxford Dictionary as: The process of receiving or giving systematic instruction, especially at a school or university; while propaganda is defined as: Information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote a political cause or point of view. (Oxford University Press, 2017) By just the definition alone, one can spot several differences between education and propaganda. Whereas education and propaganda are different as in educationRead MoreBusiness Textbook Supply Chain Essays676 Words   |  3 Pages2011 MGT301-CE Case 1 Business Textbook Supply Chain 1. 20.4 2. Some may think that the only customers of textbooks are the students but that is not the case. There are a variety of customers that buy the textbook before it even reaches the student, someone has to decide what textbook the students are going to be using for which particular course. 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The conflict in this short story is apparent in the differing point

The conflict in this short story is apparent in the differing point-of-views of these conflicting social classes Essay The conflict in this short story is apparent in the differing point-of-views of these conflicting social classes. Sammy, the checker narrator and unappreciated, unsuspected hero, depicts the dividing line, or is in a sense the middleman. There are three social classes which are very distinct within A P. These social classes are all portrayed through Sams description of the events of the fateful Thursday afternoon. This afternoon is when the girls, lead by the one Sammy calls Queenie, entered the A P to purchase the jar of herring snacks. Sammy, the unrequited hero, makes up the first of the three groups represented. He is the embodiment of the middle class, the observer and classifier. His descriptions are from a point of view, which is as if he was brought up in the upper class setting, but never truly saw himself as belonging there. The girls, all three of them, make up the third group representing the lower class. These girls obviously know their standing in this society, getting sore now that she remembers her place, a place from whichà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ must look pretty crummy, but are however trying to act as if understanding this doesnt effect them in their search for the Fancy herring snacks. This ploy is not effective enough since Queenie is apparently instructing her friends, you got the idea she had talked the other two into coming in here with her, and now she was showing them how to do it, walk slow and hold yourself straight. Taking into account these girls were dressed only in bathing suits, they caught not only the eye of Sammy but of many others in the store, including the manager, Lengel. Who, makes up the third social class in which he is representative of the upper class. However Lengel is just within the lower portion of this snooty upper class. Considering Lengel also is the one to instigate the actual verbal conflict, it is apparent his job is to adhere to and police the guidel ines of the different social classes. He is to be aware of the attempts of others around him to try and cross those barriers, he teaches Sunday school and the rest, but he doesnt miss that much. Since these social classes are not clearly divided within the short story they are described with the other in mind. They are related to in degrees of each other, in the opinion of Sammy. Since Sammy is the one dividing the groups and calling them on what they actually are, he unknowingly gets caught in the middle where not even he could foresee himself being placed.

Acquiring English as Second Language at Schools free essay sample

Also, we are going to talk about does practicing language make it easy to acquire? And can adults learn a second language as their mother language? Finally in the conclusion we are going to shed lights on why it is important to learn a new language. Introduction Can adults learn a new language better than children? Some studies show that adults can learn language better than children. Adult’s ability to hear and understand another language is somehow difficult, but they may learn it faster. steve, 2005) Adults are part of a language community, when they decide to learn a new language; means that they choose to become a part of another language community. When learning English language by adults, they feel that they must be perfect in the language they are learning. The greatest problem is that learner and teachers think that adults cannot learn a new language as children. But many studies have shown that this is not true. We will write a custom essay sample on Acquiring English as Second Language at Schools or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Studies show that adults actually learn languages more quickly than children in the early ages. To speak English language is important to improve our communication ability. And it is not accepted from people to think that a new language is learned only by children. Body Methods of learning a new language: To learn a foreign language you can follow some steps, which make the language easy for you to acquire. 1- Spend time: if you spend a lot of time in learning language, it will be easy for you to acquire. This means you must write read and listen! And you have to love the language you are learning. Listen and read every day: you can read and listen thing which you love. Such as music, books†¦this allows you to get used to the language. 3- Focus on words and phrases: you will need a lot of vocabularies, study and use them in your language. Learn these words and phrases through your listening and reading. (steve, How to Learn a Foreign Language, 2007) How English as second language is taught in classes: English as a second language for adults is often taught in a similar wa y to teach children. It’s good to label things, draw pictures and listen. It is important to make sure that adults understand the words that have multiple meaning, because in English there is a lot of multiple meaning. (katie) In classes teachers follow some rules to teach children such as: Practicing oral reading, study the basics of spelling, understanding how sentences are formed, offer opportunities of creative writing. (Schreiner) Note: When we start talking about words with multiple meanings, there are some basic definitions that we need to discuss first. Those definitions are the ones attached to homonyms, homophones, and homographs. Homonyms are words which have the same spelling and pronunciation, but have different meanings. ( engaged: They got engaged on March 7th. /The students were very engaged in the presentation) 2- Homophones are words which have the same pronunciation, but different spellings and meanings. (buy/bye/by) 3- Homographs are words that are spelt the same, but have different pronunciations and meanings. (read: She is going to r ead the book later. /He read the book last night) (http://grammar. yourdictionary. com/) Does practicing language make it easy to acquire? Case study: Her name is jasmine, she’s 17 years, and she born and lived in Brazil. She knows and speaks on Brazilian language. Last year she came with her family to live in Lebanon, and she face difficulties in learning and speaking Arabic language. She decided to learn English, a teacher come every day to her home and teach her. Now after studying and practicing she knows English very well. And as I observe, practicing English language such as reading, watching English films, listening to music and speaking English with others allows the person to become better in language. Conclusion Why is it important to learn a second language? In a world that is increasingly interdependent, we can no longer afford to remain monolingual. Studying another language has many advantages: In education: languages have been taught in schools and universities. In Public Relations: knowing a language and its culture can make the difference between success and failure. In Social Services: dealing with social groups who don’t know another language can in many times make the communication abilities difficult.

Tesco.Com as an Online Distribution Channel free essay sample

This case discusses and analyses how Tesco started online-grocery-retailing as a new distribution channel for its business, as well as the challenges, milestones, and rewards it encountered along the way. In recent years the internet has served as a platform for online retailing for most products, take the case of online retailers such as Amazon. com or EBay who have successfully been able to sell a wide range of products over the internet. However, most companies have not been able to emulate this success in online grocery retailing. In fact, most early attempts resulted in failure as it is the case of Webvan. com and Peapod. com among others. Failure in this arena can be attributed to three main reasons. First, many customers want to actually sample the products to ensure their freshness, specially fruits, vegetables and meats. Second, high distribution costs due to large volumes and the fact that many products are perishable. We will write a custom essay sample on Tesco.Com as an Online Distribution Channel or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page And third, grocery retailing is a low margin/highly cost-competitive business. Tesco PLC also struggled in the 1990s when it first tried to deliver groceries to customers’ homes via catalog and phone ordering â€Å"It was an operational mess and very inefficient† as CEO Laura Wade-Gery recalled. With the emergence of the internet, Tesco found the platform it needed to satisfy its customers by being able to deliver the groceries to their homes in a cost-efficient manner. Tesco PLC sales increased from $55. 3 billion in 2005 to 64. 6 billion in 2006, and profit before tax from 2. 8 billion to 3. 3 billion. Today, Tesco is the biggest and most successful online grocery retailer in the world, and it has been able to do so without cannibalizing its brick and mortar business. The next section analyses the process Tesco went through in implementing this new distribution channel and the key factors that allowed its unprecedented success in online grocery retailing. The success of Tesco. com has a lot to do with what the company did at the very early stages of implementing its new distribution channel. Tesco followed a very conservative approach to reduce the risk of failure. The company used what they call the â€Å"in-store picking model† which basically means picking the goods the customer wants from their existing brick and mortar stores. The other option was to build large warehouses and use them exclusively for their online distribution channel; this is the strategy that failed online groceries retailers such as Webvan. com and Peapod. com had used. In this context, Tesco was wise to stay away from the warehouse model, which would have also required an initial multimillion investment that the company was hesitant to undergo on an unproven business. Another important initiative from the company at the early stages of Tesco. com was to open cyber-cafes in stores across the country during the year 2000 to empower customers that were not comfortable with using the internet. This idea was probably crucial in gaining customers that were interested in the convenience of having their groceries delivered to their homes but that might have stayed away from Tesco. com just because of their internet illiteracy. Additionally, Tesco. om focused all the efforts on designing their website to be as user-friendly as possible rather than aiming their efforts towards a highly technical and complicated website, and keeping in mind that convenience is what the customers wanted in the first place. The previous shows how Tesco successfully aligned technology (its website) with its business, which ties right with the article â€Å"Key Issues for IT Executives 2011† where IT and business alignment is at the top of the list of issues for IT execut ives. (3). Tesco also offered convenience to their customers by making the transition from the brick and mortar experience to the online experience as smooth as possible. When customers registered into the online system, they were encouraged to key in their Tesco Clubcard number which allowed the system to identify the customer’s most frequently bought items (in physical stores) and then suggest those items for their online shopping cart. By doing this Tesco was not only offering its customers convenience, but it was also providing them with an incentive to get the Tesco Clubcard which in turn would increase customer loyalty. An additional benefit of having customers use the Tesco Clubcard was that it allowed the company to track how many online shoppers were also frequent Tesco (physical) store shoppers, and this would in turn help the company gather useful data to analyze performance metrics to compare and contrast the two distribution channels. Once Tesco. com was up and running, the company still had challenges to overcome and decisions to be made in order to become successful in the unproven business of online grocery retailing.

Farenheit 451 and sci-fi essays

Farenheit 451 and sci-fi essays After I was watching Farhenheight 451 (1966), I think it quite hard to classify either its a Sci-Fi or Fantasy movie. This is because in the movie has only little things that show about the hi-technology. On the other hand, most part of this movie shows about the imaginary world that I think it may not happen in the world such as a book person. I do not think that it wills has the people who can remember every dialogues or every words in the whole book. It seems impossible to occur in the real world. Even though Science fictions talking about the imaginary worlds, I think it should has more about the things that related to science and hi-technology more than this. It has pretty differences between Blade Runner (1982) and Farhenheight 451 (1966) about the outlining of the model that considered the science fiction genre to be. After watching Blade Runner I used to think like most of the science fiction will relate to the robot or some hi- technology things. In contrast, after having watched Farhenheight 451 Ive confused about the model of science fiction that I used to think it is. This is because in this movie, it hardly sees the scene that uses some hi-tech things; it has a little bit things such as a hi-tech television that its a d version. Therefore, I have a little bit confuse of what is the exactly meaning of the science fiction. In my opinion, I think the science fiction genre might be the stories that talk about imaginary worlds or imaginary developments in science such as traveling in the space. However, even the science fiction may talk about the imaginary worlds it should have much hi-tech things or the things that related to science enough. The reason is for preventing someone to get confuse between the term of science fiction and fantasy. Im not sure about what makes this film a science fiction film because it quite hard for me to explain. But in my thought, I think that it has two ...

Report on The Green Tea whitening Series Launching Program Assignment

Report on The Green Tea whitening Series Launching Program - Assignment Example In the scanning process, it evaluates the three major competitors of Ginvera. It also gives the result of SWOT analysis. The planning stage also outlines the best marketing strategies for the launching program. It gives detailed findings by describing the best planning process for the launching event. The doing stage states how the marketing team would implement the plans for the launch, and how they would evaluate the success of the event. It concludes with the finding and gives recommendations on how the organization could improve on the launching program. Dr.Tor Lam Huat established The Ginvera Beauty Company in 1985. It originated from Singapore but with time, it has grown and established itself in more than fifteen countries, including Europe. The majority of the consumers associate this company to its Bio-essence products, such as the face lifting cream, and the wide range of products it has launched in the past (Kimoko, 2011). The beauty products involve skin care, body care a nd hair care products. The company’s mission is to be a caring and innovative organization that brings youthfulness and beauty to the public (L.D.Waxson (S) Pte Ltd, 2013). It has a special concern for its consumers and, therefore, strives to manufacture products that are safe and user friendly. It has a vision of being the leading global manufacturing organization for beauty products (Group History, 2013). The company has manufactured a new product, The Green Tea whitening Series. The skin care product protects the skin from damage from the sun’s rays because of its green tea content that delays the oxidation process, hence, an anti-aging product (L.D.Waxson (S) Pte Ltd, 2013). Therefore, the company had to conduct market research to identify the target market, the best location for the launching event, the best product price, placement and competitors. The researchers collected data through interviewing consumers who used the Ginvera Beauty Products, issued questionn aires to randomly selected consumers from the social media and benchmarked the Injex U.K Ltd that was about to launch its new SHIREEN-Poring cosmetic treatment, which was also an anti-aging product (Jonathan, 2013). The Scanning Phase The research showed that the beauty world is dynamically changing and therefore the best planning framework is the strategic planning process because it is cost-effective and aids employees to adapt to the demanding market. The process involves three phases: the Scanning, planning and doing phases (Gru?nig & Ku?hn 2005, p67). The scanning phase ensures there is an evaluation of the market. The marketing department, in this phase, has to collect and analyze data, which would affect the launching program positively or negatively (Ottman 2011, p121). The collection and analysis of data would ensure that the event is at par with the vision and mission of the organization. From the Shireen benchmark results, the marketing manager has to ensure that the comp any analyses its competitors in order to identify its strengths, opportunities, weaknesses and threats in the market. Competitors There are three major competitors in the market (L.D.Waxson (S) Pte Ltd, 2013). The Ganga Prasad Puneet Kumar has a large product line. It has a better financial position than the Ginvera hence a larger production capacity. Its high level of experience in the R&D department enables it in the production of more innovative products that stand out in the market. An advantage of Ginvera over the company is its high marketing strategies and attractive packaging. The Radico Fashion Pvt Ltd poses as

Corporal Punishment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Corporal Punishment - Essay Example The message that violence is a way to solve problems is surely not lost on children. Parents who were beaten as children end up beating their own children. Teachers who attended schools in which corporal punishment was an accepted practice may in a like manner find it natural to turn to it themselves, although other people, beaten as children, react adversely to the notion of using physical force themselves (Straus and Donnelley 2004). Critics (Straus and Donnelley 2004) explain that the parents of children who are victims of the "battered child syndrome" are mentally ill. While corporal punishment applied by teachers is usually not so extreme in intent or result as the abuse inflicted on children by their own parents, its use by teachers who experienced corporal punishment as children suggests a tendency to "identify with the aggressor" which characterizes the authoritarian personality The use of force on children stems from an inherent cultural belief that violence is an acceptable way to solve problems. Carried far enough, that position could suggest that the society itself is "mentally ill," judged by its approach to violence (Straus and Donnelley 2004). Corporal punishment is ineffective because it has extremely negative impact on learning and child development.

Belmar beach Essay Example for Free

Belmar beach Essay Being from the jersey shore there is many options to choose from, but Belmar beach is the most beautiful and exciting beach. Every time you go to Belmar beach there is always someone new to sit down and have an ice cold drink with. Belmar is also known to have the best over-head waves that look smooth and glossy from the sun reflecting off the water. My favorite place to hangout is at Belmar beach on a hot sweaty day with a cool ocean breeze filled with a lot of variety of people. Belmar beach is always filled with tourist from all over the world, who tend to make the beach look filthy and covered with trash everywhere. However, on its lonely deserted days its impeccability is hard to miss. The sunlight gleaming off the ocean surface onto the lightly shaded grey boardwalk. Having a loud atmosphere as well, it’s hard to say that one won’t get distracted a little with its blissful music surrounding you corner by corner. On the contrary, when in need for a serene soothing place, Belmar can contain one of the most nerve-calming areas such as its Cafes or its nearby vast lake. My favorite days to go to Belmar beach is on a hot peaceful day with huge over-head waves that are smooth to surf. I like to sit in the water looking and listening to the peaceful waves crashing onto the jetti spraying mist in the air. After having a work out in the water from the ferocious waves and powerful currents there are many restaurants to choose from that have amazing scenery of the beach and with food that is ridiculously good. However, you can also get the softest and most delicious mouth melting ice cream right on the boardwalk. Furthermore, Belmar is filled with thrilling and exciting activities to do on the most boring and tiresome days. To begin with, individuals who are into the sport of surfing can be fascinated with its graceful dominate blue waves. For the people who prefer fishing, its resourceful waters contain one of the most beautiful fish in the seas. Now for the more reserved people who like to keep to themselves, quiet and peaceful spots are available. Since any type of environment can be seen inhabiting Belmar, not one type of individual will stand out. Overall, Belmar beach has everything to offer with the beautiful beach, amazing memories, and filled with many exciting activities to do. Going to Belmar beach will keep you occupied the entire day, filling your emotions with joy and excitement. Belmar will also give you amazing views of the ocean’s waves perpetually crashing onto the damped sand. Ultimately, making Belmar the most tranquil and relaxing beach to go to.

Information Management Issues :: Internet Web Computers Essays

Information Management Issues Too Much Information? The core problem of information management seems to be overload: determining the existence and location of resources in the chaotic repository that is the Internet, trying to learn the nuances of different software, retrieving far too many hits. However, some people question whether the problem really is overload. It may actually be the multiplicity of communication channels. Unlike earlier eras, new technologies are not replacing but adding to the host of media choices (Gilster 1997). The Web has simply removed natural barriers between people and information they would otherwise never see, and information now comes directly at us from multiple directions. Unfortunately, most traditional information management practices are too linear and specific: they were pipes developed for a stream, not an ocean (Alesandrini 1992). Perhaps the issue is not too much information, but information that is not usable or meaningful. To master information you must understand the relationship between data, information, and knowledge: data are raw facts and figures, information is data organized into a meaningful context, and knowledge is organized data (i.e., information) that have been understood and applied. A resource such as the Internet requires the user to build content from its vast resources (Gilster 1997). People may perceive overload because the information they receive does not fit into their current mental models for understanding the world. A constructivist approach - interpreting new information in terms of existing knowledge structures and revising those structures accordingly - can help move those "analog" models into the digital world (ibid.). I've Got to Keep Up! The twin demons of speed and quantity create an artificial sense of urgency: with e-mail, voice mail, fax, and the Web, continuous streams of data are possible 24 hours per day at work, at home, and during the commute between. The consensus of many sources is to forget about keeping up. Focus instead on what you really need to know and for what purpose, and understand that the question will evolve as you gather information. Ideal information is current, timely, and sufficient for the task at hand, not necessarily "complete" (Lively 1996). The goal of information seeking should be finding the answers to personally meaningful questions. It's All on the Web. One myth rapidly taking hold is that the World Wide Web is a one-stop source for all information needs and the secret to information management is in knowing how to navigate it. Information Management Issues :: Internet Web Computers Essays Information Management Issues Too Much Information? The core problem of information management seems to be overload: determining the existence and location of resources in the chaotic repository that is the Internet, trying to learn the nuances of different software, retrieving far too many hits. However, some people question whether the problem really is overload. It may actually be the multiplicity of communication channels. Unlike earlier eras, new technologies are not replacing but adding to the host of media choices (Gilster 1997). The Web has simply removed natural barriers between people and information they would otherwise never see, and information now comes directly at us from multiple directions. Unfortunately, most traditional information management practices are too linear and specific: they were pipes developed for a stream, not an ocean (Alesandrini 1992). Perhaps the issue is not too much information, but information that is not usable or meaningful. To master information you must understand the relationship between data, information, and knowledge: data are raw facts and figures, information is data organized into a meaningful context, and knowledge is organized data (i.e., information) that have been understood and applied. A resource such as the Internet requires the user to build content from its vast resources (Gilster 1997). People may perceive overload because the information they receive does not fit into their current mental models for understanding the world. A constructivist approach - interpreting new information in terms of existing knowledge structures and revising those structures accordingly - can help move those "analog" models into the digital world (ibid.). I've Got to Keep Up! The twin demons of speed and quantity create an artificial sense of urgency: with e-mail, voice mail, fax, and the Web, continuous streams of data are possible 24 hours per day at work, at home, and during the commute between. The consensus of many sources is to forget about keeping up. Focus instead on what you really need to know and for what purpose, and understand that the question will evolve as you gather information. Ideal information is current, timely, and sufficient for the task at hand, not necessarily "complete" (Lively 1996). The goal of information seeking should be finding the answers to personally meaningful questions. It's All on the Web. One myth rapidly taking hold is that the World Wide Web is a one-stop source for all information needs and the secret to information management is in knowing how to navigate it.

People, Organisation and Management

| |Case Study: | |The Comparative analysis of LawrieTech. com and Coca-Cola | |Company | | Contents Introduction 3 Question 4 Teamwork and Teamworking 5 Organisational Design and Structure 9 Organisational Culture 14 Conclusion 17 Reference 18 Introduction LawrieTech. com is one of the software engineering companies in Scotland, which is developing and supplying software system for controlling electricity supply. LawrieTech. om has 240 employees who service clients in 13 countries, which are include US, France and India. Coca-cola Company is the largest manufacturer, distributor and marketer of nonalcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups in the world. Finished beverage products bearing their trademarks, sold in the US since 1886, are now sold in more than 200 countries. Question Read the two organizational case studies and provide a comparative analysis of them in written essay format. In particular the areas of comparison should cover the main topics as below: 1. Teamwork and Teamworking 2. Organizational Design and Structure 3. Organizational Culture 1. Teamwork and Teamworking Team is a combination of people within an organisation with skills, who are working together to achieve desired goal. Teamwork is the activity of working well together as a team with a collective of individual skills, talents and effects. There are four types of teams have been identified in LawrieTech. com and Coca-Cola Company. One of the team that had been identified is self-managed team, which also known as autonomous team. Team is empowered to make decision about planning and scheduling of work, allocating tasks, controlling quality of work and evaluating performance which is essential to manage them on daily basis. Both LawrieTech. com and Coca-Cola Company exist in self-managed team. Staffs of LawrieTech. com are â€Å"expected to liaise directly with clients and have a mandate to do what it takes to find solutions to their clients’ problems†. LawrieTech. com has to ensure members of teams are in theâ€Å"†¦right mix of skills and capabilities in order to meet the very exacting demands of clients†. According to McClelland’s acquired needs of power theory, members will have a mandate to control other persons, to influence their behaviour, and to be responsible for other people to fulfill their needs and self-satisfaction. Hence, â€Å"staff turnover is minimal and every year LawrieTech. com is inundated with the CVs of eager young graduates†. Coca-Cola Company is a large company which has â€Å"†¦axed 6,000 employees†. Coca-Cola will be an autonomous team because they are given authority to re-design structure and make decisions that adapt to the country’s culture and needs. Coca-Cola produces over 300 brands worldwide† and â€Å"the bottling and distribution system is also adapted to local needs†. Besides, â€Å"they have restructured with a management team coordinates a new, nimble, and entrepreneurial network†. In addition, Coca-Cola â€Å"†¦. has positioned itself for growth by moving key decision making closer to lo cal market†. Virtual team is one of the team which had identified from both companies, where teams are using computer technology to tie together physically dispersed members in order to achieve a common goal. They can share information and ideas, make decisions, and complete tasks by using communication links. They can include members from the same company or link an organization’s members with the employees from other organization like suppliers and joint partners. (Stephen P. Robbins & Timothy A. Judge 2005) LawrieTech. com has â€Å"set up a ‘Knowledge Transfer’ on the intranet to share and discuss ideas†. â€Å"Staffs are encouraged to communicate with other teams members†. Fully used of this network connection to let staffs to exchange information and ideas to each other to improve the resources of problem solving. Coca-Cola Company has existed on virtual team as it is â€Å"†¦fostering deeper connections to consumers† with their organization website. Through the network connection Coca-Cola â€Å"†¦ has been very sensitive to local market conditions†, and also â€Å"†¦recognizing the importance of international sales†. They are using the network connection to control and communicate with the other teams who are located in other countries around the world. Besides, Cross-functional team is the members come from different functional units and other part of organization with expectation of sharing information and ideas to solve organization’s problem. This team often functions as self-directed teams responding to broad, but no specific directives. Decision-making within a team may depend on consensus, but often is led by a manager or team leader. LawrieTech. com exists on cross-functional teams; however, Coca-Cola Company does not exist. LawrieTech. com’s employees are â€Å"†¦organized into flexible teams†. â€Å"Each team has the right mix of skills and apabilities† to fulfill clients’ needs to achieve their intention. Members are â€Å"†¦expected to liaise directly with clients and have a mandate to do what it takes to find solutions to their clients’ problems† and â€Å"†¦meet the very exacting the demand of clients†. Both LawrieTech. com and Coca-Cola have existe d on employee involvement team, where groups of employees who meet outside their regular assignment to uncover, apply expertise to improve workplace matter. This team often formed a quality circle where they will meet about once a week to discuss their work, identify problems, and present possible solutions to management. Michael P. Dumler & Steven J. Skinner 2008) LawrieTech. com has organized â€Å"regular staff social events and outings which all enjoy†. Also, â€Å"although they have job titles, no member of staff has a specific job description suggesting that anything is possible†. They will discuss and share ideas together to improve their problem solving skill capabilities to fulfill their clients’ needs. Coca-Cola Company has existed on this team as well. â€Å"The larger the company is, the harder it is to continue to grow at a steady pace†. Therefore, â€Å"products are developed to meet the varied taste preferences of consumers†, and â€Å"Coca-Cola produces over 300 brands worldwide in addition to its flagship brands†. 2. Organizational Design and Structure Organizational Design It can be defined as the creation of roles, processes and formal reporting relationship in an organization. One can distinguish between two phases in an organization design process, which are organic design and mechanistic design. Organic organization operates with minimum bureaucratic features and with a culture that encourages workers empowerment and participation. However, mechanistic organization is an ideal organization form, and operated with bureaucratic features, like clear cut labour divisions, strict hierarchy and authority, formal rules and promotion based on competency. Organic organization has a flat structure with maximum two levels of management, which called decentralized authority. Supervisors tend to have a more personal relationship with employees. However, mechanistic organization is a centralized authority with narrow span of control, more specialist positions, and homogeneous, functional departments. (Stephen P. Robbins & Timothy A. Judge 2005) The Gibson, Ivancevich, and Donnelly (1995) stated, â€Å"While the mechanistic model seeks to maximize efficiency and product, the organic model seeks to maximize satisfaction, flexibility and development† (p. 542). LawrieTech. com exists on organic design as it is a decentralized authority and there is only two levels management, which is section and team. Meanwhile, the company encourages the empowerment and participation of staffs for problems solving. It is more to be informal or personal type organization as they only have few rules in the organization. Ties are banned from the office†. Also, â€Å"†¦staffs work in flexi time† and they can â€Å"†¦approach their employer, Iain, for a chat† except in the meeting hour. There is â€Å"†¦informal and relaxed atmosphere in the office†. There are wide span of control, which only has two levels of management. LawrieTech. com is also an organization with full of intellectual capital, where there are collective brainpowers of workforce that can be used to create value. Therefore, all tasks are shared, â€Å"Although they have job titles, no member of staff has a specific job description suggesting that anything is possible†. Staffs are organized into flexible teams†. Thus, LawrieTech. com has many task forces and is considered as a small enterprise, because it only has â€Å"†¦employed 240 workers†. However, Coca-Cola is a mechanistic organization since it processes as a centralized authority, where there are â€Å"twenty-four division and operations presidents†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and it has more structured. Coca-Cola is a large company, where â€Å"†¦CEO, Douglas Daft axed 6,000 employees†. In addition, it has many rules and regulations as â€Å"twenty-four divisions and operations presidents report to the chief operating officers†. Coca-Cola Company has few task forces, because their shibboleth is one company, one group. Employees are organized into departments and tasks are specialised within their organizational structure, as they have â€Å"†¦ group of individuals, along with Coca-Cola employees and partners worldwide, are responsible for implementing the six strategic priorities† and they are â€Å"†¦ very sensitive to local market conditions†. The span of control is narrow, as â€Å"twenty-four divisions and operations presidents report to the chief operating officers†. Organizational Structure It is a hierarchical concept of subordination of entities that collaborate and contribute to serve one common aim. The structure of an organization is usually set up in one of the variety of styles, dependant on their objectives and ambience. It will determine the modes in which it shall operate and will perform. (Stephen P. Robbins & Timothy A. Judge 2005) There are six types of structure have been identified in both company. First of all, LawrieTech. com exists on team structure, but Coca-Cola is less exists on this structure. Team structure is defined as it greatly use permanent and temporally teams to solve problems, complete special projects, and accomplish daily tasks. It often uses cross-functional teams. For examples, LawrieTech. com’s staffs are â€Å"†¦organized into flexible teams†. â€Å"Each team has the right mix of skills and capabilities in order to meet the very exacting demands of clients†. â€Å"†¦ regular team meeting† is held where members can exchange ideas and communicate with other team members. It helps them to mix easily. Secondly, network structure has been performing within both companies. It is a central core that is linked through networks of relationships with outside contractors and suppliers of essential services. Furthermore, the company own only core components and use strategic alliances or outsourcing to provide other components. LawrieTech. com is a network organization, where it hasâ€Å"†¦set up an intranet, ‘Knowledge Transfer’, to let staffs share and discuss ideas†. â€Å"Staffs are organized into flexible teams† to complete their tasks with perfect mix of skill capabilities. Coca-Cola Company also exists on network structure as well, because employees are organized into departments with using network connection to link to each other and â€Å"†¦recognizing the importance of international sales†. Besides, divisional structures delineate team who works on the same product or process, serve similar customers, and located in the same area or geographical region. It is more common in complex organization and in avoids problems associated with functional structure. LawrieTech. com and Coca-Cola have existed on it at the same time, but LawrieTech. com only base on customer structure. For examples, LawrieTech. com’s â€Å"†¦. business strategy involves the development of high specification customer-driven programmes with intense levels of after-sales services†. Its intention, that all of a worker has skills and capabilities to fulfill their clients’ needs. Coca-Cola Company also exists on this structure, which based on customer and geographical. As an example for customer structure, â€Å"products are developed to meet the varied taste preferences of consumers†. Coca-Cola tries to adapt to local needs, where â€Å"†¦all bottlers are local companies either independently owned or only partially owned by the Coca-Cola†. There would be the functional structure in Coca-Cola, yet LawrieTech. com does not exist. Functional structure lies in putting like specialists together, which minimizes the number necessary while allowing the pooling and sharing of specialized resources across products. (Stephen P. Robbins & Timothy A. Judge 2005) Coca-Cola is trying to â€Å"†¦achieve profitability through economies of scale and by capitalizing on its existing distribution†. Boundary-less organization is the eliminating of internal boundaries among subsystems and external boundaries with the external environment. It is also a combination of team and network structures with the addition of â€Å"temporariness†. (Stephen P. Robbins & Timothy A. Judge 2005) Due to the identification on the above, LawrieTech. com is a boundary-less organization. As it has been exist on team structure as well as network structure. Teams are â€Å"†¦organized into flexible teams† to achieve the perfect match of skill and capabilities. They are exchanging ideas with each other through the ‘Knowledge Transfer’. Coca-Cola Company is not a boundary-less organization since team structure is less performed in it. Finally, matrix structure is a combination of functional and divisional structure for increasing the advantages and minimized the disadvantages of each used in manufacturing, service industries, professional fields, non-profit sectors and Multinational Corporation. Coca-Cola is a matrix organization as it has simultaneously existed both functional and divisional structures, but LawrieTech. com is not a matrix structure. For examples, Coca-Cola attempts to â€Å"†¦achieve profitability through economies of scale† and also develop product to â€Å"†¦meet the varied taste preferences of consumers†. Besides, they aim to â€Å"†¦adapt to local needs† by â€Å"the bottling and distribution systems†. 3. Organizational Culture Organization culture can be defined as a system of shared meaning by people and groups in an organization and that control the way they interact with each other and with stakeholders outside the organization. (Stephen P. Robbins & Timothy A. Judge 2005) At first, LawrieTech. com has been present in people orientation. People orientation is the degree of value and respect for people. â€Å"LawrieTech. om seeks to employ the best graduates available who can bring the skills and attitudes that are consistent with the company’s business philosophy and, indeed, their philosophy on life. † LawrieTech. com concern to the staffs’ working performance in their daily tasks with joyful. Through the identification, Coca-Cola does not have people orientation. Team orientation is one of the organizational cultures in the case studies. It is the degree to which work activities are organized around teams rather than individual. (Stephen P. Robbins & Timothy A. Judge 2005) In LawrieTech. com, â€Å"staffs are organized into flexible teams†. Each team has the right mix of skills and capabilities in order to meet the very exacting demands of clients†. Members are â€Å"†¦liaising directly with clients† and to fulfill the clients’ needs with taking decision themselves. â€Å"†¦Regular team meeting† set up to improve the relationship between each member of other teams. Coca-Cola has also less team orientation, as it is less performed as team structure. According to case studies, innovation and risk taking is performed in both companies. It is the degree of the company willing to experiment, take risks, and encourage innovation. In LawrieTech. com â€Å"†¦staffs are able to express themselves† and be creative in their work. Also, they have a mandate to do what it takes to get problems solving to serve to their aim. Coca-Cola Company is a manufacturer company, it needs to have more innovation and risk taking to achieve its desired goal. â€Å"Products are developed to meet the varied taste preferences of consumers† and they have produced â€Å"†¦over 300 brands worldwide in addition to its flagship brands†. Coca-Cola Company introduces aggressiveness in its company. Stephen P. Robbins & Timothy A. Judge (2005) stated aggressiveness is â€Å"the degree to which people are aggressive and competitive rather than easygoing† (p. 512) Coca-Cola â€Å"growth in sales has been fueled both internally and through acquisitions and licensing agreements†. Also, it has developed products â€Å"†¦to meet the varied taste preferences of consumers†. Nevertheless, LawrieTech. com is not an aggressiveness company. Coca-Cola has introduced outcome orientation, but LawrieTech. com does not exist. Outcome orientation is the degree to which management focuses on results or outcomes rather than on the techniques and processes used to achieve those outcomes. Stephen P. Robbins & Timothy A. Judge 2005) Coca-Cola is an organization which achieving their aim without focusing on undertaking the ways. It is more focus on their image and profit, so its top management â€Å"†¦axed 6,000 employees† to restructure their organization and also reduce their unnecessary cost f or maintaining its financial. Likewise, Coca-Cola is â€Å"†¦recognizing the importance of international sales, has been very sensitive to local market conditions† for their profit and gain. Conclusion Coca-Cola Company and LawrieTech. om are not being able to compare with each other, because both are not in the same line organization. Coca-Cola Company is a manufacture line company, but LawrieTech. com is a customer line organization. Employees of LawrieTech. com are working together as a team and fulfilled with needs of power for self-satisfaction and confidence. However, employees of Coca-Cola Company should be more disciplined as there are full of rules and regulations, and they need to follow instructions from top management to complete their daily tasks. Reference Books 1. Stephen P. Robbins and Timothy A. Judge (2005) Organizational Behaviour. 12th Edition. United States of America: Person Prentice Hall. P. 300-303, P. 478-485, P. 490-494. 2. Gibson, J. L. , Ivancevich, J. M. , & Donnelly, J. H. , Jr. (1995) Organizations: Behavior, Structure, Processes. 8th Edition. Boston, MA: Irwin. P. 542. 3. Michael P. Dumler and Steven J. Skinner (2008) A Primer for Management. 2nd Edition. United States of America: Thomson South-Western. P. 168.